Ancient Greece’s Sunken City

Pavlopetri, located off the coast of Laconia in Greece, is considered the oldest underwater city in the world. Dating back to around 2800 BC, during the Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age, it was first discovered in 1967 by marine archaeologist Dr. Angela F. F. T. Mangold. The site is submerged approximately four meters beneath the sea and covers an area of about 20,000 square meters.

Pavlopetri is notable for its well-preserved ruins, including building foundations, streets, and burial sites, which provide invaluable insight into ancient urban planning and social structures. The site’s layout suggests that the city was organized, featuring a complex of interconnected buildings, along with indications of advanced water management systems.

Researchers believe that Pavlopetri was an important trading hub, with connections to other Mediterranean civilizations. Its strategic location near shipping routes likely contributed to its prosperity. Over time, however, natural disasters, notably earthquakes, and rising sea levels are believed to have led to its submersion.

Today, Pavlopetri serves as an important archaeological site and a focal point for studying prehistoric Aegean civilization. While underwater archaeological work is ongoing, the city’s significance extends beyond its historical context; it has become a symbol of the challenges facing submerged cultural heritage due to climate change and the need for preservation efforts.